ABSTRACT
Introduction: Teaching renal physiology for undergraduate medical students in an understandable way using methods which improve their deep learning has always been a problem. In this study, Early Clinical Exposure [ECE] was used in teaching renal physiology for the second year medical students in Shiraz Medical School. This article aims to introduce and develop this program and also measure the attitude of medical students toward ECE in learning renal physiology
Methods: This is a mixed method study conducted on 120 second year undergraduate students. After performing the course, both qualitative and quantitative methods were used for measuring the viewpoints of the students. In the qualitative part, 10 high rank medical students were selected. These students participated in brain storming sessions to express their opinion about the program based on the strengths and weaknesses. For trustworthiness of the qualitative part, member check and peer check were done. In the quantitative part, a researcher-made questionnaire was used based on the objectives of the program in a 4 point Likert scale. The validity of questionnaire was determined by medical education experts and reliability was determined after a pilot study
Results: Based on the results of the quantitative part of the study, 98 percent of the students stated that the ECE program was generally a useful program. In the qualitative part, the students' comments were obtained. The benefits of the program were summarized in 4 main themes. These themes are "understanding of renal physiology", "Integration of basic and clinical knowledge", "Improvement of attitude toward importance of physiology", and "encouragement to study". In response to the questions about negative aspects of this program in qualitative part, the two main themes were insufficient time and large group size
Conclusion: Students reported that ECE was useful, but they stated that they needed to have more encounter with patients and more hospital teaching. The results also reveal that this ECE program is an excellent approach to strengthen learning in a difficult subject like renal physiology. This approach is adjustable to other basic science topics and subjects as well
ABSTRACT
Introduction: social capital is multidimensional and it is about the value of social networks and relations between people. Social capital refers to the relationships that forms the quality and quantity of the society's social interactions. This study was designed to determine the relationship between social capital and faculty member's job satisfaction in Shiraz Medical School
Method: social capital is multidimensional and it is about the value of social networks and relations between people. Social capital refers to the relationships that forms the quality and quantity of the society's social interactions. This study was designed to determine the relationship between social capital and faculty member's job satisfaction in Shiraz Medical School
Results: 69 [57%] female and 51 [43%] male faculty members participated in this study. Also the findings indicated that mean +/- SD of social capital was 67.75 +/- 6.67 from 75 and that of job satisfaction was 77.1 +/- 6.41 from 100. There was a significant relationship between age and job satisfaction [p=0.002], but no relationship was found with marital status [p=0.24].There was a positive relationship between job satisfaction and social capital [p=0.003]
Conclusion: considering the results obtained from this study, it seems that paying attention to social capital and personal characteristics is a useful approach for behavioral interventions and organizational goals in order to upgrade the job satisfaction
ABSTRACT
Introduction: evaluation of nurse-patient communication skills have been strongly emphasized in order to ensure the possibility of effective communication as well as assessment of the effect of communication skills training programs. Reaching this goal requires the use of standard instruments which is based on the native culture of the target group. Due to the absence of native instruments in this field, the aim of this study was to design and assess the validity and reliability of interpersonal communication skills, among nurses at Shiraz Educational Hospitals
Method: a mixed method [Qualitative, Quantitative] was used in two phases. The first phase was designing a descriptive questionnaire for nurse-patient communication skills [consisting of "brain storming" and "Delphi quantitative Research Method"]. The next phase was defining the validity and reliability of the questionnaire based on confirmatory factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha. The target population for the first phase was 15 faculty members of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences and for the second phase, 130 members of nursing staff of both educational and private hospitals of Shiraz. The data were analyzed using SPSS 14 and LISREL software after fulfilling the questionnaires
Results: the findings of the study demonstrated the reliability of the nurse-patient communication skills questionnaires [alpha=0.810]. Except for question No. 17, the others had a significant relationship with the agent based on their validity and T-value
Conclusion: like other clinical skills, communication requires the theoretical knowledge, evaluation and practice. The findings of this study are the most important indicators from the nurses' view point which can be assessed in terms of communication skills. These options, as demonstrated, had an acceptable reliability and validity
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Research in education is a globally significant issue without a long history. Due to the importance of the issue in Health System Development programs, this study intended to determine research priorities in medical education, considering their details and functions. By determining barriers existing in research in education progress, it is tried to make research priorities more functional by recommending acceptable strategies
Methods: This is a qualitative-descriptive study in two descriptive phases. The goal of these phases was to determine research priorities subcategories in medical education by Nominal Group Technique [NOT] and two rounds of Delphi method. Through the first phase, subcategories of research priorities were determined, using Nominal Group Technique under medical education experts' supervision. Through two rounds of Delphi, a questionnaire was constructed based on the subcategories. Eventually, research priorities were determined based on their highest score [scores more than 7 out of 10]
Results: In the first phase [NGT], 35 priorities in 5 major fields of medical education were presented. In the second phase, priorities were scored, using Delphi method. Medical Ethics and professionalism gained the highest scores [7.63 +/- 1.26] and educational evaluation the lowest [7.28 +/- 1.52]. In this stage, 7 items were omitted but 2 of them were added again after experts' revision in the third round of Delphi
Conclusion: According to the results of the present study and based on previous studies, it really seems that the fields of [Learning and Teaching Approaches] and [Medical Ethics and Professionalism] were more important. Because of financial and resource limitations in our country and the importance of research priorities, it is recommended to frequently study "research priorities determination program" at universities
Subject(s)
Humans , Education, Medical , Delphi Technique , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
Introduction: Responsive medicine is an appropriate training method which trains the graduates who can act effectively in initial and secondary aspects of health issues in the society
Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive-analytic study which was done using quantitative method. The target population of this study was all the students of the Nutrition and Health School of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. The sample was randomly selected in this study and 75 students were selected based on the methodologist's comments and similar studies and randomnumber table from a list obtained from the school's department of education. This questionnaire was a researcher-made one which consisted of 23 questions in 2 sections with 21 closedended questions and 2 open-ended questions; 70 questionnaires were completed correctly. The closed-ended questions had 4 aspects [completely agree to completely disagree] answered in 5-point Likert scale type. Its face validity was confirmed by 4 faculty members. The construct validity of the questionnaire was analyzed by factor analysis test and its reliability was assessed by a pilot on 20 students with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.85. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistical tests [mean, standard deviation, ] and the Pearson coefficient [p<0.001]
Results: The results of this study showed that the maximum mean score was 3.58 +/- 0.65 which was related to the context of these courses and the minimum mean was 2.66 +/- 1.14 which was related to the logbook implementation. The 2 open-ended questions indicated that the most important strengths were the use of logbooks as a guide and determining the minimum training; of the weaknesses was the mismatch between the theoretical education and the practical activities. Also, developing the minimum training that an expert should know and using the common topics related to theoretical education were the most important points mentioned by the respondents
Conclusion: The educational planning of the authorities for keeping the balance of the theoretical training with the practical activities and giving opportunities to the trainee or intern to face diseases and the common problems of the community seems to be necessary
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Several factors affect the academic performance of college students and parenting style is one significant factor. The current study has been done with the purpose of investigating the relationship between parenting styles, academic achievement and career path of students at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
Methods: This is a correlation study carried out at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. Among 1600 students, 310 students were selected randomly as the sample. Baumrind's Parenting Style and Moqimi's Career Path questionnaires were used and the obtained scores were correlated with the students' transcripts. To study the relation between variables Pearson correlation coefficient was used
Results: There was a significant relationship between authoritarian parenting style and educational success [p=0.03]. Also findings showed a significant relationship between firm parenting style and Career Path of the students, authoritarian parenting style and Career Path of the students, educational success and Career Path of the students [p=0.001]
Conclusion: Parents have an important role in identifying children's talent and guiding them. Mutual understanding and close relationship between parents and children are recommended. Therefore, it is recommended that the methods of correct interaction of parents and children be more valued and parents familiarize their children with roles of businesses in society and the need for employment in legitimate businesses and this important affair should be more emphasized through mass media and family training classes
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Triage is a response to the problem of overcrowding in Emergency Departments [EDs] and accuracy of decisions made by the triage unit affects the ultimate outcome of EDs. This study was conducted to evaluate the knowledge of triage among last year medical students in Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
Methods: This is a cross-sectional analytical study whose subjects were all the senior students of medicine [62] in the last year of medicine from January to June 2013 who attended emergency medicine course in the screen room of 2 University Hospitals. This questionnaire was designed in 3 sections including personal data, 15 questions on knowledge of triage and 10 case scenarios for triage decision making and completed by the students. Statistical analysis was performed in SPSS statistical software [version 14] using independent sample t-test, one way ANOVA, and Pearson correlation coefficient [p
Results: The total mean score of the participants was 10.6+/-1.5, ranging from 7 to 13. 58[93.5%] students had poor triage knowledge. In the scenario's section, the percentage of correct triage by students was 49.2% and those of over and under triage were 28.1% and 22.7%, respectively. There was a significant relationship between the triage accuracy and level of triage [ESI 4] [p
Conclusion: The level of knowledge of triage in the last year medical students was poor, although most of them had passed a course in the screen room. It is recommended that medical students' educational courses should include sections on the knowledge of triage in emergency rooms
ABSTRACT
Introduction: The importance of medical profession and the role of the physician in society is no secret to anyone. Skills and competencies in clinical practice are necessary for the medical profession. In fact, in patient care, doctors require practical skills in addition to scientific knowledge. This study examines the potentials of medical school students in three areas of doing the right thing, doing the right thing in an intermediate range, and doing the right thing by the right person
Methods: This study was done in a descriptive-analytical and sectional model. The population of this study was all interns of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences who were passing internship at Internal Medicine, Surgery, Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Emergency wards. About 100 persons were selected were selected by simple randomization. In order to collect data, a questionnaire with 12 questions was designed in two parts. The questionnaire was approved by 7 Faculty members of Clinical Medicine and Medical Education, and its reliability was approved by test-retest method on 20 medical students in the form of a pilot study and through Cronbach's alpha [82%]. Collected data were analyzed by SPSS software version 14 using descriptive statistical methods
Results: Results showed that within the inner circle, interns evaluated their skills in surgery, internal medicine, and gynecology wards, intermediate and at other wards as weak. Also within the center circle, interns evaluated adequate educational evidence-based training in the field of medicine, and sufficiency of educational training in the field of clinical decision making and clinical care as suitable
Conclusion: According to the results, it seems that medical interns' skills in performing most medical skills are moderate. So teaching students by new educational methods and workshop techniques, using experienced teachers will be effective. The use of clinical skills training centers and objective assessment methods for the students' skills, especially before entering the clinical departments, is very important